An Overview of the 23rd Amendment
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What is the 23rd Amendment?
“Section 1. The District constituting the seat of Government of the United States shall appoint in such manner as the Congress may direct:
A number of electors of President and Vice President equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives in Congress to which the District would be entitled if it were a State, but in no event more than the least populous State; they shall be in addition to those appointed by the States, but they shall be considered, for the purposes of the election of President and Vice President, to be electors District and perform such other duties as prescribed in the twelfth article of amendment.
Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article using appropriate legislation.”
The 23rd Amendment Defined
Date Proposed
The 23rd Amendment was proposed on June 17th, 1960
Date Passed
The 23rd Amendment was passed March 29th, 1961
President of the United States
John F. Kennedy was the President of the United States during the ratification of the 23rd Amendment
Stipulations of the 23rd Amendment
The 23rd Amendment allows the residents of Washington D.C. – the District of Columbia – the right to vote for members of the Electoral College with regard to Presidential elections
Before the 23rd Amendment was passed, residents of the District of Columbia lacked representation in the Electoral College – the body of representatives elected by their respective state in order illustrate voting results in presidential elections
Subsequent to the ratification of the 23rd Amendment, Washington D.C. was granted representation in the Electoral College
The 23rd Amendment implements a statute in which the least populated state to be restricted to 3 representatives present in the Electoral College proceedings
23rd Amendment Facts
Washington D.C. – both the district, as well as the residents – is absent of Congressional representation
States Ratifying the 23rd Amendment
1. Alabama
2. Alaska
3. Arizona
4. Arkansas
5. California
6. Colorado
7. Connecticut
8. Delaware
9. Florida
10. Georgia
11. Hawaii
12. Idaho
13. Illinois
14. Indiana
15. Iowa
16. Kansas
17. Kentucky
18. Louisiana
19. Maine
20. Maryland
21. Massachusetts
22. Michigan
23. Minnesota
24. Mississippi
25. Missouri
26. Montana
27. Nebraska
28. Nevada
29. New Hampshire
30. New Jersey
31. New Mexico
32. New York
33. North Carolina
34. North Dakota
35. Ohio
36. Oklahoma
37. Oregon
38. Pennsylvania
39. Rhode Island
40. South Carolina
41. South Dakota
42. Tennessee
43. Texas
44. Utah
45. Vermont
46. Virginia
47. Washington
48. West Virginia
49. Wisconsin
50. Wyoming
States Not Participatory in the Ratification of the 23rd Amendment
1. Florida
2. Georgia
3. Kentucky
4. Louisiana
5. Mississippi
6. North Carolina
7. South Carolina
8. Texas
9. Virginia
Statutes Associated with the 23rd Amendment
Due to the fact that Wyoming is granted 3 electoral votes due to the apportionment based on the size of its population, the statute expressed in the 23rd Amendment granting only 3 electoral representatives to the least populated state – Wyoming – doubly limits Wyoming to 3 representatives.
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